Human Values as the Basis for Sustainable Information System Design

Information systems (IS) play an increasing role for individual well-being [3], for the environment [4], and for society at large [5]. Considering sustainability in IS development is therefore becoming paramount. However, companies today associate sustainability with extra cost and burden on their operations. As a result, many view sustainability more as a demand and a challenge rather than an opportunity. In this article, we argue that companies should rethink this attitude, as both sustainability and a business model can be understood as deeply rooted in human values

Breaking the Silence and Moving Voices: Dance/Movement Therapy in the Treatment of Male and Female Sexual Trauma Survivors

The purpose of this research was to decipher the benefits and challenges of using a body-based therapy on male and female survivors of sexual trauma, to explore how dance/movement therapy is a therapeutic intervention that facilitates recovery within this population, and to illuminate whether gender socialization practices have an impact on how trauma is processed and emoted within the male and female bodies. The thesis provides information about common presenting problems, treatment models, and case studies for both sexes of this population. Using a loosely structured eleven count questionnaire, case studies, anecdotes, and movement observations employing Laban Movement Analysis terminology were gathered from six dance/movement therapists who worked with male and/or female survivors of sexual trauma. This data was analyzed, and emerging themes and observations were noted. To some extent, the analysis demonstrated the effectiveness of dance/movement therapy in the treatment of both sexes, the embodiment similarities between both sexes, and the continued challenges of addressing gender socialized misconceptions about sexual trauma. Future research questions and recommendations for continued research concerning this population using dance/movement therapy as a recovery method were noted

Valuing the informal realm: Peer relations and the negotiation of difference in a North London comprehensive school

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.This thesis is an ethnographic study of the informal realm in a North London comprehensive school. Although situated within, and formed by, an institutional context, this network of peer relations is largely unmanaged by adults. Pupils are in charge. They exert influence, manifest social definitions, create their own hierarchies and negotiate their differences. My focus of study is a cohort of 15 to 16 year-olds in Year 11. They come from a diversity of backgrounds, in terms of religion, parental occupation, academic attainments and ethnicity. Through close attention to the pupils’ words and actions in the day-to-day workings of the informal realm in this school, I explore the constitution and consequences of this impressive phenomenon. Anthropological studies of the informal realm are few and far between, and ones in British schools even rarer. Yet, the informal realm offers valuable contributions to three areas in anthropology: the emerging anthropology of youth; the little-studied everyday realities of Western personhood; and an application of Munn’s theory of value production (1986). Munn’s model has not yet been applied to the informal realm. However I argue her theory of value production serves to illuminate the entire realm. It is intrinsically relational and involves subjective transformation. Centrally, action is the primary unit of analysis, as it is for my analysis. There are no structures or formal roles in the informal realm, so pupils must continuously maintain their arena with a constant flow of transactions. I argue that in the process of creating and maintaining this realm, pupils come to value themselves as particular kinds of people (Evans 2006). Different groups engage in different modes of value production. Through these actions, their subsequent evaluations, and the daily debate over what constitutes positive and negative value, pupils collaboratively establish a constellation of differences. They organise their world, enabling them to share the same social space yet define themselves as very different kinds of people. In this constellation of differences, ethnicity, gender and sexuality are particularly salient categories of distinction, subject to pupils’ collaboratively set conventions. In order to ‘fit in’ pupils have to conform to these conventions. Thus this ethnography delineates what is involved in becoming an appropriately ethnic, sexual and gendered person in school. The application of an intrinsically relational model of subjective formation challenging Western ideals of the autonomous individual. These processes of differentiation occur at the same time as processes of unification. Throughout their time as a community, Year 11 pupils are producing communal value through which they can define themselves worthwhile as a group. They end their time of compulsory schooling with a celebration of this communal value.This study was funded by Brunel University

Value-based Engineering with IEEE 7000TM

Digital ethics is being discussed worldwide as a necessity to create more reliable IT systems. This discussion, fueled by the fear of uncontrollable artificial intelligence (AI) has moved many institutions and scientists to demand a value-based system engineering. This article presents how organizations can build responsible and ethically founded systems with the 'Value-based Engineering' (VBE) approach that was standardized in the IEEE 7000TM standard. VBE is a transparent, clearly-structured, step-by-step methodology combining innovation management, risk management, system and software engineering in one process framework. It embeds a robust value ontology and terminology. It has been tested in various case studies. This article introduces readers to the most important steps and contributions of the approach.Comment: Value-based Engineering, Value Sensitive Design, Ethics, Ethical Engineering, Machine Ethics, Privac

Completion for Logically Constrained Rewriting

We propose an abstract completion procedure for logically constrained term rewrite systems (LCTRSs). This procedure can be instantiated to both standard Knuth-Bendix completion and ordered completion for LCTRSs, and we present a succinct and uniform correctness proof. A prototype implementation illustrates the viability of the new completion approach